Common Fruit Fly

 𝐃𝐫𝐨𝐬𝐨𝐩𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐚 𝐦𝐞𝐥𝐚𝐧𝐨𝐠𝐚𝐬𝐭𝐞𝐫 is a 𝐬𝐩𝐞𝐜𝐢𝐞𝐬 of 𝐟𝐥𝐲 in the 𝐟𝐚𝐦𝐢𝐥𝐲 𝐃𝐫𝐨𝐬𝐨𝐩𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐝𝐚𝐞. They are often called the 𝐟𝐫𝐮𝐢𝐭 𝐟𝐥𝐲 or 𝐥𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐞𝐫 𝐟𝐫𝐮𝐢𝐭 𝐟𝐥𝐲, or "𝐛𝐚𝐧𝐚𝐧𝐚 𝐟𝐥𝐲".

𝐖𝐢𝐥𝐝 𝐭𝐲𝐩𝐞 𝐟𝐫𝐮𝐢𝐭 𝐟𝐥𝐢𝐞𝐬 are 𝐲𝐞𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐰-𝐛𝐫𝐨𝐰𝐧, with 𝐛𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐤-𝐫𝐞𝐝 𝐞𝐲𝐞𝐬 and 𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐬𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐬𝐞 𝐛𝐥𝐚𝐜𝐤 𝐫𝐢𝐧𝐠𝐬 𝐚𝐜𝐫𝐨𝐬𝐬 the 𝐚𝐛𝐝𝐨𝐦𝐞𝐧.The 𝐟𝐥𝐲'𝐬 𝐛𝐨𝐝𝐲 is 𝐝𝐢𝐯𝐢𝐝𝐞𝐝 into 𝐭𝐡𝐫𝐞𝐞 𝐦𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐩𝐚𝐫𝐭𝐬: 𝐡𝐞𝐚𝐝, 𝐭𝐡𝐨𝐫𝐚𝐱, and 𝐚𝐛𝐝𝐨𝐦𝐞𝐧. The 𝐡𝐞𝐚𝐝 is 𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐯𝐞𝐥𝐲 𝐫𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐝 and 𝐟𝐞𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞𝐬 𝐥𝐚𝐫𝐠𝐞, 𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐦𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐫𝐞𝐝 𝐜𝐨𝐦𝐩𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐝 𝐞𝐲𝐞𝐬. These 𝐞𝐲𝐞𝐬 are 𝐦𝐚𝐝𝐞 𝐮𝐩 of 𝐡𝐮𝐧𝐝𝐫𝐞𝐝𝐬 of 𝐨𝐦𝐦𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐝𝐢𝐚 and 𝐨𝐜𝐜𝐮𝐩𝐲 𝐦𝐨𝐬𝐭 of the 𝐡𝐞𝐚𝐝'𝐬 𝐬𝐮𝐫𝐟𝐚𝐜𝐞. 𝐁𝐞𝐭𝐰𝐞𝐞𝐧 the 𝐞𝐲𝐞𝐬 are 𝐬𝐡𝐨𝐫𝐭 𝐚𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐧𝐧𝐚𝐞, which 𝐥𝐨𝐨𝐤 like 𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐲 𝐟𝐞𝐚𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐫𝐲 or 𝐛𝐫𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐥𝐞𝐝 𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐣𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬 and are 𝐮𝐬𝐞𝐝 for 𝐝𝐞𝐭𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐨𝐝𝐨𝐫𝐬, 𝐚𝐢𝐫 𝐜𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐬, and 𝐯𝐢𝐛𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬.𝐃𝐫𝐨𝐬𝐨𝐩𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐚 has 𝐛𝐫𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐥𝐞𝐬 - 𝐬𝐡𝐨𝐫𝐭, 𝐬𝐭𝐢𝐟𝐟 𝐡𝐚𝐢𝐫𝐬 - 𝐝𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐢𝐛𝐮𝐭𝐞𝐝 𝐚𝐜𝐫𝐨𝐬𝐬 the 𝐡𝐞𝐚𝐝 and 𝐛𝐨𝐝𝐲, which are 𝐮𝐬𝐞𝐟𝐮𝐥 for 𝐭𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐥𝐞 𝐬𝐞𝐧𝐬𝐢𝐧𝐠.The 𝐭𝐡𝐨𝐫𝐚𝐱 is 𝐫𝐨𝐛𝐮𝐬𝐭 and 𝐛𝐞𝐚𝐫𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐫𝐞𝐞 𝐩𝐚𝐢𝐫𝐬 of 𝐥𝐞𝐠𝐬 and 𝐨𝐧𝐞 𝐩𝐚𝐢𝐫 of 𝐰𝐢𝐧𝐠𝐬. The 𝐰𝐢𝐧𝐠𝐬 are 𝐜𝐥𝐞𝐚𝐫 and 𝐦𝐞𝐦𝐛𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐨𝐮𝐬, with 𝐟𝐢𝐧𝐞 𝐯𝐞𝐢𝐧𝐬 𝐯𝐢𝐬𝐢𝐛𝐥𝐞, and 𝐬𝐩𝐚𝐧 𝐚𝐩𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐱𝐢𝐦𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐥𝐲 𝟒 𝐦𝐦.They 𝐞𝐱𝐡𝐢𝐛𝐢𝐭 𝐬𝐞𝐱𝐮𝐚𝐥 𝐝𝐢𝐦𝐨𝐫𝐩𝐡𝐢𝐬𝐦; 𝐟𝐞𝐦𝐚𝐥𝐞𝐬 are about 𝟐.𝟓 𝐦𝐦 𝐥𝐨𝐧𝐠, while 𝐦𝐚𝐥𝐞𝐬 are 𝐬𝐥𝐢𝐠𝐡𝐭𝐥𝐲 𝐬𝐦𝐚𝐥𝐥𝐞𝐫.

𝐃. 𝐦𝐞𝐥𝐚𝐧𝐨𝐠𝐚𝐬𝐭𝐞𝐫 is 𝐚𝐭𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐞𝐝 to 𝐫𝐨𝐭𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐟𝐫𝐮𝐢𝐭 and 𝐟𝐞𝐫𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐛𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐚𝐠𝐞𝐬 and is 𝐨𝐟𝐭𝐞𝐧 𝐟𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐝 in 𝐨𝐫𝐜𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐝𝐬, 𝐤𝐢𝐭𝐜𝐡𝐞𝐧𝐬, and 𝐩𝐮𝐛𝐬.Its 𝐠𝐞𝐨𝐠𝐫𝐚𝐩𝐡𝐢𝐜 𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐠𝐞 includes 𝐚𝐥𝐥 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐬, including 𝐢𝐬𝐥𝐚𝐧𝐝𝐬.𝐃. 𝐦𝐞𝐥𝐚𝐧𝐨𝐠𝐚𝐬𝐭𝐞𝐫 is a 𝐜𝐨𝐦𝐦𝐨𝐧 𝐩𝐞𝐬𝐭 in 𝐡𝐨𝐦𝐞𝐬, 𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐮𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐭𝐬, and 𝐨𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐫 𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐜𝐞𝐬 where 𝐟𝐨𝐨𝐝 is 𝐬𝐞𝐫𝐯𝐞𝐝.

𝐃. 𝐦𝐞𝐥𝐚𝐧𝐨𝐠𝐚𝐬𝐭𝐞𝐫 is 𝐰𝐢𝐝𝐞𝐥𝐲 𝐮𝐬𝐞𝐝 for 𝐛𝐢𝐨𝐥𝐨𝐠𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐥 𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐞𝐚𝐫𝐜𝐡 in 𝐠𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐭𝐢𝐜𝐬, 𝐩𝐡𝐲𝐬𝐢𝐨𝐥𝐨𝐠𝐲, 𝐦𝐢𝐜𝐫𝐨𝐛𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐩𝐚𝐭𝐡𝐨𝐠𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐬𝐢𝐬, and 𝐥𝐢𝐟𝐞 𝐡𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐲 𝐞𝐯𝐨𝐥𝐮𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧. In 𝟏𝟗𝟒𝟔 𝐃. 𝐦𝐞𝐥𝐚𝐧𝐨𝐠𝐚𝐬𝐭𝐞𝐫 was the 𝐟𝐢𝐫𝐬𝐭 𝐚𝐧𝐢𝐦𝐚𝐥 to be 𝐥𝐚𝐮𝐧𝐜𝐡𝐞𝐝 𝐢𝐧𝐭𝐨 𝐬𝐩𝐚𝐜𝐞.